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French Grammar

Possessive Adjectives: Singular Subjects

Indicating ownership with mon, ton, son and their feminine and plural forms for a single possessor.

Level A1 Category Grammar

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Lesson Summary

Indicating ownership with mon, ton, son and their feminine and plural forms for a single possessor.

Grammar

Expressing Ownership for a Single Possessor

Possessive adjectives agree with the gender and number of the noun that follows—the object that is owned—not the gender of the possessor. The forms for a single owner (first, second, or third person singular) are presented below. These adjectives have been encountered in earlier vocabulary lessons, for example in the direct family tree.

Possessive Adjectives – Singular Owners

Owner	Masculine Singular	Feminine Singular	Plural (any gender)
je (I)	mon	ma	mes
tu (you – informal)	ton	ta	tes
il / elle (he / she)	son	sa	ses

Special Rule Before a Vowel or Silent h

When a feminine singular noun begins with a vowel or a silent h, the masculine singular form is used instead of the feminine, in order to avoid the succession of two vowel sounds. This rule applies only to the singular forms.

- ma amie → mon amie (my friend, feminine)
- sa histoire → son histoire (his/her story)
- ta école → ton école (your school)

Plural forms (mes, tes, ses) remain unchanged before a vowel.

Usage in Context

These adjectives are used to describe possessions of any kind: family members, classroom objects, personal items. Examples: mon livre, ta voiture, ses parents. The plural possessor forms (notre, votre, leur) will be covered in a later lesson.

Examples

Mon père est médecin et ma mère est avocate.
Masculine mon before père; feminine ma before mère.
C'est ton amie ? Oui, c'est mon amie.
Amie is feminine but begins with a vowel, so ton and mon are used instead of ta/ma.
J'aime beaucoup tes chaussures !
Plural tes is used regardless of gender.

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Possessive Adjectives: Singular SubjectsIndicating ownership with mon, ton, son and their feminine and plural forms for a single possessor.Choose the correct possessive adjective based on the gender and number of the object owned, and apply the special rule before vowel sounds.GrammarA1grammarLearn French GrammarFrench GrammarExpressing Ownership for a Single PossessorPossessive adjectives agree with the gender and number of the noun that follows—the object that is owned—not the gender of the possessor. The forms for a single owner (first, second, or third person singular) are presented below. These adjectives have been encountered in earlier vocabulary lessons, for example in the direct family tree.