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Conjugation
Objective: Conjugate reflexive verbs in the passé composé, place the reflexive pronoun before the auxiliary, and apply participle agreement with the subject.
| Subject | Reflexive pronoun | Auxiliary | Participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| je | me (or m') | suis | levé / levée |
| tu | te (or t') | es | levé / levée |
| il / on | se (or s') | est | levé |
| elle | se (or s') | est | levée |
| nous | nous | sommes | levés / levées |
| vous | vous | êtes | levé / levée / levés / levées |
| ils |
Reflexive verbs take être as auxiliary, never avoir, and me does not elide before the consonant-initial suis.
The reflexive pronoun me cannot be dropped, since it marks that the subject performs the action on itself.
Se lever takes être. The reflexive pronoun me precedes the auxiliary suis, and the participle stays masculine singular for a male speaker.
The feminine subject elle adds -e to the participle, producing couchée. The reflexive pronoun elides to s' before the vowel-initial auxiliary.
The reflexive pronoun nous precedes the auxiliary sommes, and the participle takes the plural ending -s.
The reflexive pronoun stays as se before the consonant-initial auxiliary sont, and the masculine plural subject takes the ending -s on the participle.
The reflexive pronoun te elides to t' before the vowel-initial auxiliary es.
6 exercises · about 9 minutes
| se (or s') |
| sont |
| levés |
| elles | se (or s') | sont | levées |
The participle of a reflexive verb agrees with the subject, so the feminine subject elle takes the ending -e.
The negative bracket surrounds the auxiliary only, so pas sits between suis and the participle, not after it.
S'habiller takes être, and the participle agrees with the feminine subject, producing habillée.
The reflexive pronoun stays as se before the consonant-initial auxiliary sont, and the feminine plural subject requires the ending -es on the participle promenées.
Ne precedes the reflexive pronoun, pas follows the auxiliary, and the participle stays outside the negative bracket.