Grammar
Objective: Use où as a relative pronoun replacing a place or time antecedent, and distinguish it from quand in subordinate clauses.
| Antecedent type | Example | English |
|---|---|---|
| city | La ville où je suis né. | The city where I was born. |
| country | Le pays où elle habite. | The country where she lives. |
| place | L'endroit où nous avons mangé. | The place where we ate. |
| day | Le jour où je suis arrivé. | The day I arrived. |
| year | L'année où j'ai commencé mes études. | The year I started my studies. |
| moment | Le moment où tout a changé. | The moment everything changed. |
A time noun such as jour, année, or moment takes the relative pronoun où. Quand is a subordinating conjunction and cannot replace an antecedent.
The verb aller takes the preposition à before a place, and the relative pronoun that replaces a prepositional place complement is où, not que.
Où replaces dans cette ville. The relative clause describes the city without repeating the noun.
The country is the antecedent, and où replaces the prepositional phrase that travailler would normally require.
The time noun jour takes the relative pronoun où. The reflexive verb takes être in the passé composé.
Où replaces the temporal complement of commencer, and the time noun année supplies the antecedent.
Où already contains the sense of the preposition à or dans, so no additional preposition appears after the relative pronoun.
7 exercises · about 11 minutes
Où already contains the meaning of the preposition dans. Adding the preposition after the relative pronoun duplicates the locative meaning.
Où is itself a relative pronoun and cannot be combined with que. Only one relative pronoun appears at the head of the clause.
D'où replaces de ce pays and marks origin. The simple où would describe a location, not an origin.
Par où replaces par cette route and marks the path taken. The past participle passés agrees with the plural subject.
The time noun moment takes où as its relative pronoun, and the entire clause functions as a single noun phrase.